Seniors advisors : hommes de confiance des dirigeants
Souvent seuls, les grands patrons s’entourent de conseillers, qui peuvent les conforter et les challenger dans leurs décisions. Ces hommes de l’ombre sont souvent d’anciens patrons ou des consultants aguerris.
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Il y a plusieurs types de senior advisors. Il y a d’abord les collaborateurs qui finissent par prendre du champ et que les entreprises nomment conseillers seniors, soit pour éviter d’évoquer trop rapidement un départ, soit pour mener à bien une transition, soit pour continuer de bénéficier de leurs expertises. Il y a également les personnes nommées officiellement et venant de l’extérieur, qui apportent une expertise, une vision particulière et/ou un carnet d’adresses de valeur. Il y a aussi ceux que l’on appelle les visiteurs du soir, dont les noms sont souvent connus sur la place de Paris. Entre deux, il y a les senior advisors qui se font très discrets, et qui conseillent les dirigeants, en étant rémunérés mais sans que le rôle qu’ils jouent soit parfaitement et officiellement établi.
En effet, la plupart des grands dirigeants s’entourent de ce type de conseillers. Car les patrons, qu’ils soient d’ailleurs à la tête d’une grande entreprise ou d’une PME, sont connus pour être seuls, de par leur fonction. "Le nombre de personnes auxquelles un dirigeant peut tout dire, sans filtre, est très limité. Or il est important d’avoir quelqu’un avec qui l’on peut confronter ses idées, quelqu’un qui vous bouscule que ce soit sur le leadership ou les grandes décisions stratégiques. Quelqu’un qui challenge vos zones de confort sans générer d’anxiété. Quelqu’un qui vous ouvre des perspectives originales, remet en cause le consensus, imagine l’inimaginable etc.", explique Hervé Borensztejn, partner chez Heidrick & Struggles.
Ces conseillers ont des rôles à la frontière de plusieurs fonctions. Ils ont un côté coach. Ils peuvent aussi être des mentors quand ils sont très seniors. Les advisors peuvent ressembler à des administrateurs, qui bénéficieraient d’une souplesse supplémentaire et n’auraient pas les contraintes d’une telle fonction. Ils ne connaissent d’ailleurs pas forcément toute la teneur des dossiers mais peuvent aider les patrons à prendre de la hauteur. C’est pourquoi la plupart de ces conseillers sont généralement d’anciens CEO ou des consultants très seniors. "Les noms des véritables seniors advisors de patrons ne sont pas connus publiquement. Plus ils conseillent, plus ils doivent être discrets. Plus ils influencent, plus ils doivent être dans l’humilité. Les patrons ne toléreraient pas qu’ils se vantent du poids qu’ils ont eu dans telle ou telle décision. Parfois, les membres de la direction savent qui ils sont car ils les ont croisés, mais le but ce n’est pas qu’ils soient connus de tous", précise Hervé Borensztejn.
Les contrats qui les lient aux sociétés précisent rarement la réelle teneur de leur rôle. Parfois, les conseillers peuvent d’ailleurs facturer les groupes pour des prestations diverses via leurs sociétés de consulting, par exemple. Les sommes pouvant aller de quelques milliers d’euros à quelques centaines. Mais le but n’est pas d’être conflictuel ou de profiter à outrance du système. La clef étant la confiance. "Le plus important, c’est la confiance. Et c’est ce qu’il y a de plus compliqué à obtenir et maintenir. Les seules choses qui s’échangent vraiment, c’est du temps et cette confiance. C’est ce qui manque le plus aux dirigeants et ça n’a pas de prix", estime Hervé Borensztejn. D’où l’intérêt d’ailleurs que ces relations perdurent dans le temps.
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