Bruno Cavalié, Racine Avocats : écouter et douter, la doctrine de l’avocat
Le fondateur de Racine avocats s’est lancé dès son début de carrière et côtoie aujourd’hui les cabinets anglo-saxons sur de grands dossiers M&A ou de contentieux. Il défend pourtant un rapport plus humain avec ses avocats et un leadership collectif, mais aussi des qualités fondamentales comme le doute et l’anticipation.
Bruno Cavalié
Bruno Cavalié est son propre patron depuis le plus jeune âge, et sa façon de manager s’en ressent. Ce fils d’un juriste à la Banque de France connaissait l’approche théorique du droit et, faute de pouvoir vivre de sa passion pour la photographie, a opté pour des études de droit à la Sorbonne. "J’avais toujours imaginé que le métier consistait à plaider et aujourd’hui je consacre encore 50% de mon activité en contentieux arbitral et judiciaire", raconte-t-il. Devenu papa dès ses études, il choisit de passer le Barreau et, après quelques mois dans un petit cabinet, décide de se mettre à son compte. "Avec le recul, je me suis installé trop tôt, j’aurais gagné du temps à me former dans un grand cabinet car j’ai dû tout apprendre sur le tas", même s’il rappelle en souriant que son premier patron est devenu associé du cabinet, dix ans plus tard.
Le jeune avocat commence sa pratique sans faire trop le difficile, c’est-à-dire en prenant tous les dossiers comme les vols à la tire, les divorces et les recouvrements de créances. Signe du destin : sa première cliente est veuve et orpheline, de quoi encourager sa vocation. Mais il obtient petit à petit de gros clients comme Geodis, Leclerc ou Auchan, qui lui attribuent de plus en plus de dossiers complexes, l’obligeant à se spécialiser et à structurer sa pratique. Aujourd’hui, le cabinet compte 220 avocats, dont 68 associés dans six villes en France et à Bruxelles.
Bruno Cavalié a surtout eu à cœur de garder l’ADN de son cabinet avec des promotions internes mais aussi des recrutements externes. "Un peu plus de 50% de notre croissance a été organique, et nous avons aussi des associés venus de cabinets anglo-saxons, ce qui permet d’avoir un cabinet homogène, fidèle à son ADN. Pour l’autre moitié de notre croissance, nous avons pu attirer de nombreux associés venus de cabinets anglo-saxons", plaide-t-il, en rappelant que trois des cinq derniers associés nommés sont des femmes. Car il en est convaincu, le cabinet Racine est formateur et permet à chacun de développer ses compétences, tout en restant axé sur l’humain. Il se réjouit ainsi à l’idée que 23 anciens collaborateurs aient quitté le cabinet pour se mettre à leur compte, signe qu’ils ont pu créer une clientèle personnelle en amont.
Car si les grands cabinets anglo-saxons avaient creusé un fossé qualitatif il y a 20 ans, ce n’est plus le cas aujourd’hui, juge Bruno Cavalié. Et il juge que sa firme dispose de deux atouts fondamentaux face à ces grands concurrents. D’une part, "nous avons une appétence pour l’intérêt du client et cela se manifeste sur la rémunération des associés. Alors qu’elle est basée sur le chiffre d’affaires (le principe "eat what you kill") chez beaucoup de nos confrères, ce qui incite les associés à garder leurs dossiers en dépit des compétences disponibles, nous utilisons une grille plus complexe et subjective, pour valoriser l’apport des dossiers mais aussi leur traitement, les publications etc.", explique-t-il. Et d’autre part, une grande solidarité en interne car "il n’existe pas de hiérarchie intellectuelle entre les avocats et même avec les stagiaires. Je ne suis pas le chef et je ne veux pas l’être", fait-il valoir, ce qui donne lieu à une meilleure ambiance et qualité de vie au sein du cabinet.
Car celui qui est passionné par l’organisation a retenu de grands principes, après 37 ans à la tête de son cabinet. "J’ai codifié une méthode de travail. Pour moi, les qualités fondamentales de l’avocat sont le doute, car les certitudes convaincantes ne viennent que de doutes préalables. Mais aussi l’anticipation, avoir un temps d’avance sur les autres comme sur les risques, et l’engagement, car l’excellence n’existe pas sans un engagement total, ce qui est au demeurant un devoir envers nos clients". Sans oublier la forme, toute aussi importante que le fond, juge-t-il. S’il vit bien de son métier, Bruno Cavalié n’en oublie pas sa deuxième passion, la photographie, qu’il pratique dès qu’il a du temps libre et voyage avec sa famille de cinq enfants.
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