Macro-économie / Taux
Macro-économie / Taux
Le pari gagné de Boris Johnson
La loi sur le retrait de la Grande-Bretagne de l'Union européenne, que Theresa May n'aura jamais réussi à faire adopter par les députés, la contraignant à démissionner, a été votée hier à une large majorité. La stratégie politique de Boris Johnson a fonctionné.
Boris Johnson (Crédits : DR)
Pour l'instant, Boris Johnson a bon sur tous les tableaux. Depuis qu'il a remplacé Theresa May à Downing Street, après que celle-ci a quitté ses fonctions, en larmes, pour avoir échoué pendant trois ans à faire avancer le dossier Brexit, le nouveau Premier ministre n'a pas commis de faux pas. En organisant des élections législatives anticipées, il prenait le risque d'obtenir un Parlement encore plus divisé. Mais ce scrutin de décembre lui a au contraire permis d'obtenir une très large majorité à Westminster, et ainsi de s'assurer que la loi sur le retrait de la Grande-Bretagne de l'Union européenne (UE) ne serait pas une nouvelle fois rejetée, comme sous sa prédécesseur.
Hier, son pari a réussi, puisque les élus britanniques ont effectivement adopté le projet de loi de sortie de l'UE, à 330 voix pour, et 231 voix contre, soit une majorité de 99 voix. Le texte, qui traduit dans la loi britannique l'accord de 535 pages conclu par le Premier ministre britannique avec les 27 États, doit encore être validé par la Chambre des Lords avant d'obtenir l'assentiment royal dans le courant du mois. Il ne restera plus ensuite qu'au Parlement européen à donner son feu vert pour que le pays sorte à la date annoncée par Boris Johnson, le 30 janvier prochain.
Cette date, tant attendue par les le camp des "Brexiter", marquera la fin de plus de trois ans de chaos politique dans le pays et l'ouverture de négociations sur le fond du sujet avec l'UE : quelles relations commerciales la Grande-Bretagne entretiendra-t-elle avec l'Europe, à la fin de la période de transition, le 31 décembre 2020 ? Cette phase de discussions risque d'être tout aussi voire plus compliquée que la première étape de négociations sur les modalités de sortie du pays. Mais vu les intérêts économiques en jeu de part et d'autre de la Manche, on peut espérer que les négociations avanceront plus rapidement. Le Premier ministre britannique a en tout cas rejeté l'idée d'une prolongation de la période de transition. Et compte donc entamer des négociations à marche forcée, secteur par secteur, dès le 1er février.
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