Macro-économie / Taux
Macro-économie / Taux
Investissements étrangers : la France en tête
Au-delà de simplement résister à cette crise sanitaire, la France est - selon le Baromètre 2 021 publié par le cabinet Ernst & Young - parvenue à conserver son rang de première destination européenne pour les investissements étrangers. Malgré une concurrence européenne vive, notamment celle du Royaume-Uni et de l’Allemagne, elle a conservé son statut de leadership dans ce domaine. Pour cela, la France a dû consolider les projets en cours et donner de la visibilité aux dirigeants internationaux afin qu’il puisse garder confiance et continuer à investir dans le pays. En témoigne, le plan de relance mis en place par le gouvernement qui avait pour but de soutenir les entreprises en cette période de crise sanitaire. Ce dernier a permis de fidéliser les investisseurs et en incite d’autres à s’y relocaliser. Selon Bercy, c’est la preuve que les mesures d'accompagnement déployées sont très efficaces.
Malgré une baisse plus accentuée que les autres puissances par rapport aux projets initialement prévus (- 18 %), la France enregistre le plus grand nombre de projets annoncés en 2020. Elle en compte 985 contre 975 et 930 respectivement pour le Royaume-Uni et l'Allemagne, selon le Baromètre 2021. Cette baisse de 18 % s’explique par la chute de l’activité de certains secteurs qui ont été directement handicapés par la crise sanitaire comme l'automobile et l’aéronautique. Néanmoins, ce classement doit être interprété à l’aune des évènements de l’année passée. Le Brexit par exemple a fait chuter la confiance des investisseurs à l’égard du Royaume-Uni et a donc participé à consolider leur confiance à l’égard des autres pays, notamment la France.
Selon le Baromètre 2021, environ 55 % des investisseurs interrogés envisagent de relocaliser une partie de leurs activités en France dont 18 % dans les prochains mois. Pour faire grimper ces statistiques et permettre à la France de maintenir sa position, il devra désormais s'adapter aux exigences des investisseurs en se positionnant sur les secteurs clés comme le numérique et la transition écologique via des modes de production et de consommation plus propres. Avoir un climat social stable est également un élément clé pour obtenir leur confiance, la France devra donc porter une attention particulière aux problèmes sociaux. Par ailleurs, pour continuer de les convaincre, le Baromètre 2021 évoque l’importance de l’investissement international qui peut jouer le rôle de moteur de relance. Néanmoins, à la sortie de cette crise sanitaire, le climat économique incertain pousse les investisseurs à être prudents. Pour pallier cela, la France devra s’atteler à stabiliser son paysage économique.
Ce n’est donc pas un hasard que la France soit la première destination européenne. Les bonnes infrastructures dont elle dispose ainsi que la qualité de vie qu’elle offre sont des atouts non négligeables. De plus, la réduction de l’impôt sur les sociétés (IS) ainsi que la réforme du marché du travail sont autant de nouvelles normes qui charment les investisseurs. La France qui était d’ores et déjà très appréciée - grâce à la qualification de sa main-d'œuvre et à sa productivité - l’est d’autant plus depuis que le gouvernement met un point d'honneur à soutenir les entreprises face à la crise sanitaire.
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