Macro-économie / Taux
Macro-économie / Taux
Alerte : la Réserve fédérale américaine baisse fortement son taux d'intérêt
La Banque centrale des Etats-Unis a diminué de 50 points de base son taux d’intérêt directeur. Il s’établit désormais dans une fourchette comprise entre 4,75% et 5%.
En vue de résorber le surplus d’inflation qui avait commencé à se faire jour au printemps 2021 dans la foulée de la reprise économique mondiale post-pandémie, l’institut d’émission avait augmenté son taux d’intérêt de 525 points de base entre mars 2022 et juillet 2023. Le taux était depuis lors inchangé.
Jerome Powell, président de l’institution de Washington, avait annoncé, fin août, lors de la grand-messe annuelle des banquiers centraux à Jackson Hole, que le moment était venu d’amorcer un cycle de baisse des taux.
Pour mémoire, à son pic de juin 2022, l’inflation (mesurée par l’indice PCE) s’affichait à 7,1% en glissement annuel. En juillet 2024, elle était de 2,5%. En variation mensuelle annualisée, l'inflation se situe sous 2% depuis plusieurs mois.
Jerome Powell, président de la Réserve fédérale américaine - CHIP SOMODEVILLA / GETTY IMAGES NORTH AMERICA / Getty Images via AFP
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