Macro-économie / Taux / José Luis Escrivá / Banque d'Espagne
Macro-économie / Taux
José Luis Escrivá / Banque d'Espagne
BCE : une arrivée non sans importance au Conseil des gouverneurs / Le nouveau patron de la Banque d’Espagne a été choisi
José Luis Escrivá, ministre de la Transition numérique et de la Fonction publique d’Espagne, a été nommé à la tête de la Banque d’Espagne. Lors des réunions de politique monétaire du Conseil des gouverneurs de l’institution de Francfort, il disposera des mêmes droits de vote que ses homologues allemand, français, italien et néerlandais.
Jose Luis Escriva, ministre de la Transition numérique et de la Fonction publique d’Espagne - FRANCESCO MILITELLO MIRTO Nur Photo Nur Photo via AFP
La Banque d’Espagne tient enfin son patron. Alors que le mandat du gouverneur Pablo Hernández de Cos a pris fin en juin (l’intérim était assuré depuis lors par sa numéro deux Margarita Delgado Tejero), son successeur vient d’être désigné. Le choix du Premier ministre espagnol Pedro Sánchez s’est porté sur l’un des membres de son gouvernement, José Luis Escrivá, ministre de la Transition numérique et de la Fonction publique.
Diplômé de l'université Complutense de Madrid, José Luis Escrivá a débuté sa carrière au sein de la Banque d'Espagne dans les années 80 avant de diriger le département de la politique monétaire de la Banque centrale européenne (BCE), puis celui de recherche économique de la banque BBVA.
Puis, après un passage à la Banque des règlements internationaux, où l’homme de 63 ans est devenu le représentant en chef pour les Amériques, il est nommé président de l’Agence espagnole pour la responsabilité fiscale (AIREF), l’équivalent de notre Haut conseil des finances publiques (HCFP). Au cours de son mandat, il a également été président du réseau européen des institutions fiscales indépendantes.
Il a rejoint le gouvernement de Pedro Sánchez en 2020, en tant que ministre de l'Inclusion, de la Sécurité sociale et de l'Immigration. A ce poste, il a notamment été l’architecte d’une réforme du système de retraites visant à assurer sa pérennité. Il était ministre de la Transformation numérique et de la Fonction publique depuis l’an passé.
En tant que membre du Conseil des gouverneurs de la BCE, José Luis Escrivá ne fera pas de la figuration. Rappelons que si seuls les six membres du directoire de l'institution de Francfort (Christine Lagarde, Luis de Guindos, Philip Lane, Frank Elderson, Isabel Schnabel et Piero Cipollone) disposent de la capacité de voter lors de chaque réunion de politique monétaire du Conseil des gouverneurs, le chef de la Banque d'Espagne fait partie des cinq gouverneurs sur vingt (Allemagne, France, Italie, Pays-Bas, Espagne) ayant la possibilité de voter le plus souvent. En effet, ces pays se partagent quatre droits de vote tandis que les quinze autres banquiers centraux du reste de la zone euro s'en partagent onze (une rotation mensuelle a lieu).
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