Macro-économie / Taux / Philip Jefferson / Réserve fédérale américaine
Macro-économie / Taux
Philip Jefferson / Réserve fédérale américaine
Fed : Joe Biden propose un numéro deux / Philip Jefferson devrait devenir vice-président de la Banque centrale américaine
Le président américain a proposé la nomination de Philip Jefferson en qualité de vice-président de la Fed. Gouverneur depuis un an, il prendrait alors la suite de Lael Brainard, qui a rejoint Joe Biden en février. Ce dernier souhaite également nommer Adriana Kugler au sein du Conseil des gouverneurs.
Philip Jefferson - Ken Cedeno - Pool via CNP/ZUMA P
La mue du Conseil des gouverneurs de la Réserve fédérale américaine se poursuit (Fed). L’organe suprême du Comité de politique monétaire (FOMC) - ses membres peuvent voter à chacune de ses réunions au contraire des présidents des Fed régionales - pourrait voir Philip Jefferson, gouverneur depuis un an, en devenir le vice-président, un poste laissé vacant depuis le départ de Lael Brainard. C’est en tout cas la volonté du président Joe Biden qui a proposé sa nomination ainsi que celle d’Adriana Kugler, qui elle ferait son entrée au sein du Conseil des gouverneurs.
Agé de 61 ans, Philip Jefferson est docteur en économie de l’université de Virginie. Il quitte Charlottesville une fois sa thèse soutenue et passe quelques années à enseigner à l’université de Columbia avant d’intégrer le département des "affaires monétaires" de la Fed à l’été 1996, ce pendant un an. Par la suite, il rejoint le Swarthmore College et était devenu professeur et administrateur au Davidson College depuis 2019. En tant que chercheur, ses travaux ont notamment porté sur des problématiques afférentes au rôle de l'éducation comme rempart contre le chômage, à l'effet des cycles économiques sur la pauvreté et à la répartition des revenus entre les facteurs travail et capital.
A noter que s’il est considéré comme "colombe", Philip Jefferson a voté en faveur de chacune des hausses de taux d’intérêt directeur que le FOMC a décidée depuis le début du cycle de resserrement monétaire.
Adriana Kugler est quant à elle âgée de 53 ans. Diplômée de l'université McGill et docteure en économie de l’université de Californie, elle a démarré sa carrière professionnelle à la Banque mondiale en qualité de consultante. Egalement professeure à l’université de Houston durant la décennie 2000, elle devient cheffe économiste du département du Travail des Etats-Unis en 2011. Elle sera par la suite professeure à l’université de Georgetown et fut nommée directrice exécutive à la Banque mondiale en mai 2022 où elle est, entre autres, la représentante des Etats-Unis. Adriana Kugler est notamment reconnue sur le plan académique pour ses recherches sur le marché du travail.
Le Sénat, à majorité démocrate, devra maintenant donner son aval à ces deux nominations.
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