Macro-économie / Taux / couple franco-allemand
Macro-économie / Taux
couple franco-allemand
Bercy veut un accord sur le Pacte de stabilité et de croissance en 2023 / Une réforme nécessaire qui va bénéficier au couple franco-allemand
Bruno Le Maire, ministre de l’Économie, était auditionné par la commission des affaires économiques du Sénat cette semaine, afin d’évoquer la réforme du Pacte de stabilité et de croissance. Un échange d’une heure durant lequel il a affirmé que Paris et Berlin avaient trouvé des intérêts communs ces dernières semaines.
Bruno Le Maire, ministre de l'Économie, en pleine discussion. Dursun Aydemir / ANADOLU / Anadolu via AFP
"La situation économique difficile de l’Allemagne n’est pas du tout dans l’intérêt de la France". Bruno Le Maire, ministre de l'Economie et des Finances, a martelé, devant la commission des affaires économiques au Sénat, à quel point des deux côtés du Rhin on avait tout intérêt à la bonne santé économique de son voisin. Pour appuyer ses propos, il a avancé que "quand l’Allemagne est en récession, l’analyse du FMI c’est que cela a un impact de 0,1 à 0,2 point de PIB par an [pour la France], c’est considérable ".
Or, la situation en Allemagne est rendue compliqué par une récente décision de la Cour constitutionnelle allemande, remettant en causant l’affectation de 60 milliards d’euros d’emprunts en soutien à la transition écologique. Interrogé à ce sujet par les sénateurs, Bruno Le Maire n’a pas nié l’impact de cet évènement sur les négociations récentes estimant que " ça amène l’Allemagne à avoir une position plus dure sur les sujets de finances publiques".
Main dans la main
Face aux interrogations des sénateurs quant au fait que Paris et Berlin soient en train de trouver "le compromis qui respecte les intérêts et les attentes du peuple allemande et du peuple français", le locataire de Bercy a expliqué que le "souci côté allemand est de parvenir à des règles crédibles" tandis que "du côté français notre ligne constante a été notre capacité à préserver les investissements et la capacité de réforme […] visant à avoir plus de croissance et d’emploi".
C’est ainsi que les Allemands pourraient accepter une dérogation aux efforts demandés dans le cadre d’une procédure de déficit excessif. C’est bien à la condition qu’il s’agisse d’une flexibilité transitoire, de façon qu’il n’y ait pas "une incitation permanente à être au-dessus des 3 % ". Bruno Le Maire a insisté sur sa volonté que cela n'entrave pas le fait que"tous les États-membres aient intérêt à investir et à faire des réformes de structures ".
Urgence
L’Europe est confrontée à une situation inédite d’après le ministre, "les écarts de dettes et de situation budgétaire entre les États-membres n’ont jamais été aussi élevés que depuis la crise du Covid" et cela rend d’autant plus "les règles anciennes obsolètes ". De quoi lui faire dire que s’il "n’y a pas d’accord (sur le Pacte de stabilité et de croissance ndlr) d’ici la fin de l’année, il n’y aura pas d’accord du tout".
D’autant plus que le Pacte de stabilité et de croissance doit "servir un objectif politique ", et qu’actuellement "nous sommes en train de perdre la partie. […] Les États-Unis ont 2,5 % de croissance en 2023", contre "0,6% pour la moyenne des Etats de la zone euro". Aussi, "nous ne pouvons pas continuer comme cela", a souligné le ministre.
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